• ademco 20p installation manual

    ademco 20p installation manual

    Download Link: ➡ ademco 20p installation manual



    File Name: ademco 20p installation manual.pdf
    Size: 3028 KB
    Type: PDF, ePub, eBook
    Category: Book
    Uploaded: 6 May 2019, 18:27 PM
    Rating: 4.6/5 from 646 votes.


    Last checked: 12 Minutes ago!









    ⬆ LINK ⬆




















    In order to read or download ademco 20p installation manual ebook, you need to create a FREE account.

    eBook includes PDF, ePub and Kindle version



    ✔ Register a free 1 month Trial Account.
    ✔ Download as many books as you like (Personal use)
    ✔ Cancel the membership at any time if not satisfied.
    ✔ Join Over 80000 Happy Readers


    Book Descriptions:

    ademco 20p installation manual

    Telephone communication of alarm signals is becoming obselete with modern digital phone systems rejecting the 1980's modem technology used in alarm panels. That being said, below is a diagram explaining the telephone connections of a Vista 20P. This connection is optional, and most often not made. If you have a handy grounding location (copper water pipe, ground rod, etc.) feel free, it'll offer a degree of surge protection to the panel. Honeywell panels use a 16.5 volt transformer, typically either a 25vA or 40vA model. Transformers aren't proprietary, so any brand will work. The only real requirement is its voltage rating (16.5 volts) at a minimum of 25vA current output. My motion detector is false alarming, how do I fix it. Most alarm systems have standard PIR type motion detectors that function by detecting a person's body heat as it moves along the cooler background of walls, floors, and furniture. The problem is that a PIR can be fooled by any number of environmental issues. Check for: A wired motion detector isn't proprietary, so if you need a replacement you might as well Upgrade to a Bosch Tri-Tech One of my doors no longer acivates the alarm system, how do I fix it. The internals of a door or window contact are very fragile and can be damaged by something as simple as the static charge from lightning striking nearby. The bad contact will either remain closed when it should trip, or remained tripped when it should be closed. Sometimes it'll even fall somewhere in the middle by adding adding resistance on closure, or never fully opening when tripped. Long story short, if you have a bad contact you can replace it easy enough. Creating Schedules System Operation Testing the System Regulatory Agency Statements Limitations and Warranty TRIGCON-004-V0 Figure 10. Keyswitch Wiring Connections The Ademco 4146 keyswitch is UL Listed. Set the radio’s address to “03”. Refer to those sections for detailed procedures.

    • ademco 20p installation manual, ademco 20p user manual, ademco 20p installer code, honeywell ademco 20p installation manual, ademco vista 20p installation manual, ademco vista 20p installation manual pdf.

    It sounds like a lot, but it's really just a series of simple connections. It's an AC power source, so polarity isn't a concern when wiring the transformer to terminals one and two of the Vista 20P. When an alarm occurs this 12 volt output goes high to sound any connected sirens.Devices that get their power here include keypads, motion detectors, glass breakage detectors, etc.The ECP circuit is the communication path for data driven devices like keypads, internet communicators, relay modules, and wireless receivers.Black, red, green, and yellow are the typical colors used in four conductor security wire. If you didn't already have a 6160RF you could add a standalone receiver like the 5881 ENH. Zone one is special in that it can, if needed, power two-wire smoke detectors. Zones two through eight are special in that they can be zone doubled to provide two zones per zone connection. The typical do-it-yourself system has no more than eight hardwire zones and no smoke detector circuit, so this tutorial will proceed with the understanding that your system will fall into the typical range of a diy system (eight zones or less, no smoke detector circuit). Keep in mind that you still have dozens of wireless zones available separate from hardwire on-board zones. The 2000 ohm resistor (provided) is installed at the device to allow the control panel to supervise the wire along its run. To be honest, most installers simply install the resistor at the control panel zone to make future system upgrades easier (finding resistors on door and window zones can be a pain). Put simpy, as long as the resistor is somewhere (anywhere) in the circuit the control panel will consider the zone valid. TIP: The best, easiest, and cheapest way to connect a resistor to a wire is to solder it using a cigarette lighter. Solder is cheap, and the lighter will heat the area to a suitable temp in just a few seconds. Any number of contacts can be grouped on a single zone.

    , a 5804's four inputs require four programming zones). NOTE: For information on any transmitter not LOOP 3 LOOP. Regulatory Agency Statements Limitations And Warranty This alarm system should be tested weekly to make sure all sensors and transmitters are working properly. Rain or Shine. Opportunities for subcontractors at PegaSync While the VISTA-20P is considered a residential alarm control panel, it is certainly equipped with enough features to be used in small business commercial settings as well. The VISTA-20P consists of a circuit board installed inside of a metal alarm cabinet. You can connect alarm keypads, hardwired alarm devices, wireless receivers, alarm sirens, etc. If you wish to do any zone programming, you will need an alpha keypad.To change the Master Code, using the Master Code, press Master Code, 8, 02, new 4-digit Master Code, then new 4-digit Master Code again. If successfully changed, you should get a confirmation beep.Can arm, disarm, bypass, etc.Each user can be assigned to Partition 1, Partition 2, or both.The Vista 15P can have up to 32 zones, 6 on-board zones and 16 expanded or 26 wireless zones.If using zone-doubling or double balanced, see their sections below. View Zone wiring diagrams Zone 1 is always EOL. You can enter the 7-digit serial number or trip the sensor, follow the sensors instructions to see how to enroll.View Alpha programming and Alpha Vocabulary list The zone must be wired as Normally Open, with a 2K Ohm across the Normally Open contacts.Wire both zones into the same terminals.View Zone wiring diagrams If you choose double balanced as your hardware type (in zone programming above), you can monitor the tamper condition of the sensors. You will need to wire a couple of 2K Ohm resistors into the zone. View Zone wiring diagrams This output is not configurable.The first pin from the connector, on the left, should be the red cable; this will be the negative trigger for output 17.

    The VISTA-20P system can control two independent areas of protection (known as partitions) for use by independent users, if desired, by simply assigning zones to one or the other partition during zone programming. To program pager reporting, do the following: 1. Use a different digit for each zone until you have used up available digits. If the number of zones exceeds the number of available digits, begin with digit 1 again. All configurable zone types can be programmed via the downloader.Zone 10 has been Zone Number Enter Zn Num.If using a button-type Loop Number Entry A 0 2 2 - 4 0 6 4 transmitter, press and release the button twice, but wait about 4 see explanation seconds before pressing the button the second time. This mode is also used to program wireless keys using pre-defined templates. If so, activate the button on the wireless key once again. These 18 “outputs” are assigned to system-wide output numbers (01-18).Use the worksheet on. VISTA-20P: You can assign a partition descriptor (up to 16 characters) for each partition plus the common lobby. Creating Schedules ADEMCO Contact ID Comprises a 4-digit subscriber number, 1-digit event qualifier (“new” or Reporting Format “restore”), 3-digit event code, and 3-digit zone number, user number, or system status number (see the following page). System Operation. The authority level determines the functions each code. For detailed information concerning system functions, refer to the User's Manual. Function Description Silence alarms Pressing any key will silence the keypad sounder for 10 seconds. Disarming the system will silence both keypad and external sounders. Each key can be programmed for 24-hour Silent, 24-hour Audible, Fire, or Personal Emergency responses. Meaning Modem Comm The system is in communication with the central station for change of function or status verification.Testing The System Charging Voltage: 13.8VDC. Each of the input loops requires its own programming zone (e.g.

    The second digit is for the keypad sound, programme 0 for normal sound.When programming a zone, after selecting the zone type it will prompt you to select a partition.From normal run mode, press:You must set the keypad a unique address in keypad addressing mode, and then you must assign that address to a partition in programming mode. Once the partition is assigned, you can set the sound options.From normal run mode, power the keypad up and within 1 minute hold down buttons 1 and 3 for about 3 seconds. Address 16 is automatically enabled and assigned to Partition 1. The second digit sets the keypad sound.If it's a hardwired zone it may be a short on the wire. The installation of smoke detectors in kitchens, attics (finished or unfinished), or in garages is not normally recommended. For additional protection the NFPA recommends that you install heat or smoke detectors in the living room, dining room, bedroom(s), kitchen, hallway(s), attic, furnace room, utility and storage rooms, basements and attached garages. Smoke could be blocked by the closed door. If detectors are not so located, a fire within the room could prevent the control from reporting a fire or an intrusion.This would include any skylights that may be present, and the upper windows in a multi-level building. In addition, we recommend that radio backup be used in a security system so that alarm signals can still be sent to the alarm monitoring station in the event that the telephone lines are out of order (alarm signals are normally sent over the phone lines, if connected to an alarm monitoring station). References to VISTA-20P apply to both the VISTA-20P and VISTA-20PS, unless noted for VISTA-20PS only.Optional bell supervision detects external sounder wiring short or open; causes a trouble condition, keypad display, and sends a report to the central monitoring station, if enabled.

    The fifth pin from the connector, on the left, should be the green cable; this will be the negative trigger for output 18. Connect the positive wires to the 3rd pin, the orange cable, as this is positive 12 volts. Install relay expander modules onto the keybus to use the other outputs available.Follow these 9 steps: I recommend using the matching output number for each output function, so Output 18 should use Output Function 18.In location 177 it needs 2 digits programmed, the first defines Duration 1 and the seconds defines Duration 2.This is the primary number for the monitoring station.This is the secondary number for the monitoring station.This is the number for the downloading computer.This is the account number for partition 1.This is the backup account number, for phone number 2.This is the account number for Partition 2.This is the backup account number, for phone number 2.The test timer can be set for daily, weekly, or every 28 days. The intervals are not set from programming mode. From normal run mode press:Refer to the sensors instructions to see which loop to choose (1-4).View Alpha programming and Alpha Vocabulary list Start by entering zone programming menu, Location 56.The easier method is to hold down the keyfob button you are programming, this will automatically select the correct loop number.Make sure you learn the other buttons in. View Alpha programming and Alpha Vocabulary list. Leave programming mode and from normal run mode press:If you hesitate for too long during keystrokes, it will not work.You must set the keypad a unique address in keypad addressing mode, and then you must assign that address to a partition in programming mode.From normal run mode, power the keypad up and within 1 minute hold down buttons 1 and 3 for about 3 seconds. Address 16 is automatically enabled and assigned to Partition 1. The first digit is which partition it is assigned to, 1, 2 or 3 for common area.

    UL For UL installations and Residential fire installations, refer to the chart below for the correct battery size required to meet the mandatory standby time. CALIFORNIA STATE FIRE MARSHALL (CSFM) AND UL RESIDENTIAL FIRE 24-HOUR BATTERY BACKUP REQUIREMENTS The California State Fire Marshal and UL have regulations which require that all residential fire alarm control panels must be provided with a backup battery which has sufficient capacity to operate the panel and its attached peripheral devices for 24 hours in the intended standby condition, followed by at least 4 minutes in the intended fire alarm signaling condition. This control panel can meet these requirements without using a supplementary power supply, provided that the panel’s auxiliary power and bell output currents are limited as indicated below. The examples of good earth grounds listed at the left are available at most installations. AC Power Outlet Ground: Available from 3-prong, 120VAC power outlets only. To test the integrity of the ground terminal, use a 3-wire circuit tester with neon lamp indicators, such as the UL Listed Ideal Model 61-035, or equivalent, available at most electrical supply stores. In UL installations, maximum current draw from the Auxiliary Output and the Alarm Output combined must not exceed 600 mA (500 mA max from Auxiliary Output). IMPORTANT: Double-balanced zones provide zone tamper protection, and should be used as burglary zones only. Do not use double-balanced zones as fire zones. 12 13 14 TAMPER CONTACTS 2k 2k UL For UL commercial burglar alarm installations, use EOLR zones. If enabled (Zone Programming mode, “Hardwire Type” prompt, option “3”), hardwire zones are automatically paired as follows: Zone 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Paired with zone 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Do not use zone doubling for fire zones. TAMPER CONTACTS 2k ZONE 3 2k 2k ZONE 4 zone-002-V0 2k NOTE: A short across the EOL (i.e.

    , at terminal) on either zone of a zone-doubled pair or on a double-balanced zone causes a tamper condition (displayed as CHECK plus zone numbers). If the smoke detector or thermostat does not trigger again, the control will disregard the first trigger, and no alarm signal will occur. This feature eliminates false alarms due to electrical or physical transients. SIA Installations: If using fire verification on zones other than zone 1, UL Fire Alarm Listed relay accessories must be used to reset power as described in step 3. 4-Wire Smoke Detectors 3. Connect 4-wire smoke detectors (up to 16, depending on detector current draw) to any zone from 2-8 as shown below. This control does not automatically reset power to 4wire smoke detector zones, so you must use a relay (e.g., 4204, 4229), or on-board trigger to reset power (also required for fire verification). Plug the connector at the other end of the harness into the receiver. Refer to the installation instructions provided with the receiver for further installation procedures regarding antenna mounting, etc. NOTE: CIRCUIT BOARD IS MOUNTED IN CONTROL’S CABINET, GROUNDING LUGS (2) PROVIDED MUST BE INSERTED IN LEFTHAND TERMINALS OF ANTENNA BLOCKS AND SECURED TO CABINET (SEE RECEIVER’S AND CONTROL’S INSTRUCTIONS) ANTENNAS MODEL No. Do not install batteries in wireless transmitters until you are ready to enroll during system programming. After enrolling, batteries need not be removed. Installing a Keyswitch Notes 1. Connect the 4146 keyswitch's normally open momentary switch to a zone’s (2-8) terminals. If the switchplate is then removed from the wall, the tamper will open, disabling keyswitch operation until the system is next disarmed from the keypad. Keyswitch Wiring Connections 2-10 00-trigcon-004-V1 The Ademco 4146 keyswitch is UL Listed. OUTPUT 17 (YELLOW) 1 Mounting and Wiring the Control Connecting Relay Modules Notes 1. Mount either remotely or in the control panel. 2.

    In the following subsections, procedures are listed in the left column, while notes and pertinent explanations are provided in the right column. When correctly positioned, push the lock until it is held securely by its snap tabs. SNAP TAB ADEMCO 3. CHECK POSITION PUSH ON LOCK UNTIL IT IS SEATED SECURELY ADEMCO 2. Mount the control cabinet to a sturdy wall in a clean, dry area, which is not readily accessible to the general public, using fasteners or anchors (not supplied) with the four cabinet mounting holes. Remove cabinet door, then remove the lock knockout from the door. Insert the key into the lock. STEP 2 Figure 1. Installing the Cabinet Lock Mounting the PC Board Alone Notes (no RF Receiver) 1. Hang two short mounting clips (provided) on the raised cabinet tabs (see Detail B in Fig. 2). 2. a. Insert the top of the circuit board into the slots at the top of the cabinet. Do not remove the knockouts after the circuit board has been installed. Insert grounding lugs (supplied with the receiver) through the top of the cabinet into the left-hand terminals of the antenna blocks (at the upper edge of the receiver board) and secure them to the cabinet top with the screws provided, as shown in Detail B. Insert the receiver's antennas through the top of the cabinet, into the blocks' right-hand terminals, and tighten the screws.Set keypad addresses. Refer to the address setting instructions included with the keypads and set each keypad device address according to the chart at right. NOTE: Each keypad must be assigned a unique address, starting at address 16. Keypads programmed with the same address will give unpredictable results.Suggested power supply: AD12612 Use a UL Listed, battery-backed supply for UL installations. The battery supplies power to these keypads in case of AC power loss. The battery-backed power supply should have enough power to supply the keypads with the UL required minimum standby power time. Figure 4.

    Using a Supplementary Power Supply Keypads powered from supplies that do not have a backup battery will not function if AC power is lost. Make sure to power at least one keypad in each partition from the control’s auxiliary power output. Maximum wire lengths for any device that is homerun to the control can also be determined from the Wiring Run Chart, based on the current draw of that device alone. The length of all wire runs for both partitions combined must not exceed 1500 feet (457m) when unshielded quad conductor cable is used (750 feet if shielded cable is used). This restriction is due to the capacitive effect on the data lines when quad cable is used. 2-3 Installation and Setup Guide Notes Sounder (Bell) Connections This control complies with NFPA requirements for temporal pulse sounding of fire notification appliances. For supervised output, continue with steps 2 and 3. 2. Cut the red Bell Supervision Jumper located above terminals 2 and 3 on the control board. 3. Connect a 2k ohm resistor across the terminals of the last sounder. As a safety precaution, always power down the control when making such connections. In addition, the sounding device must be a UL Listed audible signal appliance rated to operate in a 10.2-13.8 VDC voltage range, and must be mounted indoors. Mounting and Wiring the Control Backup Battery Notes 1. Place the 12-volt backup battery in the cabinet. 2. After all connections to the control are completed and AC power has been applied, connect the red and black flying leads on the control board to the battery. Do not attach these leads to the battery terminals until all connections are completed. Battery Saver Feature: The battery will disconnect from the system after its voltage decreases below 9VDC. This assists the control panel in recharging the battery when AC is restored. IMPORTANT: The panel will not power up initially on battery power only. You must plug the transformer in first, and then connect the battery.

    Connect to control’s keypad terminals using the connector harness supplied with the module. Canada: Use the PSC04 Powerline Interface as shown below. OUTPUT 17 (RED) 1 KEY 8-PIN TRIGGER CONNECTOR 8-PIN TRIGGER CONNECTOR 6 7 8 4-WIRE CABLE 00-trigcon-005-V2 Figure 13. Wire colors represent the colors of the cable to the RJ31X jack. CAUTION: To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG or larger telecommunication line cord for phone line connections. UL The 4285 and 4286 modules are UL Listed only for use on residential fire and UL residential burglar alarm installations. The wiring diagram shows the wiring connections that will provide proper operation in most cases. Connection to the incoming telco line via a RJ31X jack and direct-connect cord, as shown, is essential, even if the system is not connected to a central station. The 4285 or 4286 will not function if this is not done and an error signal (fast busy signal) will occur when trying to access the system via the phone. The house phone lines (gray and brown wires) must be wired to the phone module terminals; not to the control terminals. Otherwise, an error signal (fast busy signal) will occur when trying to access the system from an onpremises phone. Set the radio’s address to “03” following the instructions provided with the radio. Notes Audio Alarm Verification Connections (AAV, “listen-In”) Refer to the connection diagrams below. Connections use one of the on-board triggers. Most of the data fields in this system have been programmed for specific default values. However, some fields must be programmed for each particular installation to establish its specific alarm and reporting features. Assign zone characteristics, report codes, alpha descriptors, and serial numbers for 5800 RF transmitters. Program each of the four alphabet function keys to perform one of several system operations. Create alpha descriptors for easy zone identification. Create schedules to automate various system functions.

    Refer to those sections for detailed procedures. The VISTA-20P system can control two independent areas of protection (known as partitions) for use by independent users, if desired, by simply assigning zones to one or the other partition during zone programming. The VISTA-20P, by default, automatically distributes users between the two partitions. The master user can change the user number distributions. Zones can also be assigned to a common partition, which is an area shared by users of both partitions (such as a lobby in a building). This allows either partition to arm, while leaving the common partition disarmed for access into the other partition. Once a wireless key is enrolled, it must be assigned to a user before it becomes active. Zone Type Definitions You must assign a zone type to each zone, which defines the way in which the system responds to faults in that zone. Zone types are defined below. The system keypad will display a “check” message indicating the appropriate zone (but keypad beeping does not occur). Allows for various custom responses. Types 92 and 93 can only be programmed via downloader. NOTE: All of the zone types described are available for the wireless portion of the system, if used. A display of “EE” or “Entry Error” means you have entered a nonexistent field. When the desired field number appears, simply enter the digits required. The keypad beeps three times after the last digit is entered and automatically displays the next data field in sequence. That field’s data is displayed, but no changes can be made. The Alpha display keypad will display the first of a series of prompts requesting entries. This resets all data fields to the default values shown on the Program Form. This initializes the system for downloading and resets all the subscriber account numbers and CSID. To Load Default Entries To Initialize Download ID Do not press ?

    97 to load defaults if any programming has been done previously—data already programmed into the system will be changed. Field numbers are listed in the left column followed by a “Title and Data Entries” column, which lists the valid entries for each field. Experienced installers can simply follow this column when programming the data fields. The “Explanation” column provides explanatory information and special notes where applicable. Use the blank programming form to record the data for this installation. Programming Data Fields Data field programming involves making the appropriate entries for each of the data fields. UL installations must be 0 (no forced bypass) The House ID identifies receivers and wireless keypads. If a 5827 or 5827BD Wireless Keypad or 5804BD Transmitter is being used, a House ID code must be entered, and the keypad should be set to the same House ID. You can assign RF house ID for each partition. If enabled, you can define the specific zones intended to chime when faulted while the system is in Chime mode. Powerline Carrier devices require a House ID, identified in this field. Not intended for fire or UL installations. NOTE: A “0” in either digit disables the phone module. The data line is supervised as well as certain functions in the radio. If communication is lost or a trouble develops, an attempt will be made to send a message via both radio and telephone to the central station. UL fire alarm installations: must be 1. This field determines whether the external sounder will shut off after time allotted, or continue until manually turned off. UL installations: For residential fire alarm installation, must be set for a minimum of 4 min (option 1); for UL Commercial Burglary installations, must be minimum 16 min (option 4). Common zones use same delay as partition 1. UL installations: For UL Commercial Burglar Alarm (Grade AA) and UL Residential Burglar Alarm installations with line security, total exit time must not exceed 60 seconds.

    For UL Burglar Alarm installations without line security (Grade A), total exit time must not exceed 120 seconds. SIA Installations: minimum exit delay is 45 seconds Upon entering, the system must be disarmed before the time entered expires, otherwise it sounds an alarm. Common zones use same delay as partition 1. UL installations: For UL Residential Burglary Alarm installations, must be set for a maximum of 30 seconds; entry delay plus dial delay should not exceed 1 min. For UL Commercial Burglar Alarm, total entry delay may not exceed 45 seconds. Sound ends when exit time expires. If “2” selected, ding occurs upon reception of the wireless arming command. UL installations: must be “1” for UL Commercial Burglar Alarm installations. When the system powers up armed, an alarm will occur 1 minute after arming if a zone is faulted. Note that if the previous state was armed Away or Stay, the system will not respond to sensor changes for 1 minute, which allows time for sensors such as PIRs to stabilize. Enter up to 20 digits. If the subscriber does not have “call waiting” and is not using PABX, make no entry in this field. Don’t fill unused spaces. Select the type of telephone service. This delay does not apply to zone type 24 alarms (silent burglary) or to 24-hour zone types 6, 7, and 8 (silent panic, audible alarm, auxiliary alarm), which are always sent as soon as they occur. Delays can be selected from 0 to 225 seconds, in 15-second increments. This delay is per message. If ”0” is entered in this field, the control panel will send redundant reports to both Primary Dialer and LRR. UL Installations: For Fire Alarm and UL Burglar Alarm installations without Line Security (Grade A), the maximum Dynamic Signaling Delay must be no more than 15 seconds. For UL Burglar Alarm installations with Line Security (Grade AA), Dynamic Signaling Delay must be “0”.

    UL Installations: For UL Commercial Burglary installations that use a DACT and LRR, the DACT must be programmed for priority (option “0”). Intended for use with Long Range Radio reporting. See Zone Programming section for procedures. Entering 0 in the second box advance to the next field. An entry of 0 in the first box disables a report. An entry of 0 in the second box eliminates the expanded message for that report. Use a different digit for each zone until you have used up available digits. If the number of zones exceeds the number of available digits, begin with digit 1 again. This is an “enabling” code only and is not the actual code sent to the Central Station office. Entries in the second boxes are ignored. An entry of 0 in the first box disables the report. Disarming before the end of the entry delay stops the alarm sounding and no message is sent to the central station. The keypad will display “EA” (fixed-word ) or “EXIT ALARM” (alpha display), and alarm sounding continues until the system is disarmed (or timeout occurs). UL: Required for UL commercial burglar alarm installations and required for residential fire alarm installations. This will be sent when a zone is manually bypassed. UL: Required for UL commercial burglar alarm installations. Timing of this report is random with up to a 4-hour delay. If AC restores before the report goes out, there is no “AC RESTORE” report. Sent when a low-battery condition exists in the system’s battery. Sent periodically to test that the communicator and phone lines are operational. This is sent upon disarming of the system in the selected partitions. Sent when an alarm zone is restored to its non-faulted condition. Sent when AC power has been restored after an AC power outage. Sent when a system low-battery condition is restored to normal. Sent when a transmitter’s low battery condition is restored (i.e., new battery installed). UL installations: must be enabled if wireless devices are used.


  • Commentaires

    Aucun commentaire pour le moment

    Suivre le flux RSS des commentaires


    Ajouter un commentaire

    Nom / Pseudo :

    E-mail (facultatif) :

    Site Web (facultatif) :

    Commentaire :